What is the outcome of phase 4 in biomechanical changes?

In terms of biomechanical changes, phase 4 typically refers to a state where significant structural alterations have occurred within the affected joints or tissues. This phase is characterized by fusion and complete ankylosis, meaning that the bones or joints have formed a solid union, potentially immobilizing the area. This outcome is often a result of prolonged dysfunction and biomechanical stress that leads to the formation of osseous or fibrous tissue, effectively 'locking' the joint in place. This process can be an adaptive response to instability or chronic inflammation within the joint, resulting in the body attempting to stabilize the region by creating a more rigid structure.

In contrast, the other outcomes indicate varying degrees of instability, potential for movement, or limited changes, which do not encapsulate the fully advanced and rigid nature of phase 4. The presence of fusion signifies a severe alteration in the biomechanical landscape compared to earlier phases, which may still allow for some movement or flexibility. Understanding the implications of this phase is crucial for recognizing the potential long-term effects of untreated spinal or joint dysfunction in chiropractic practice.